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Накопитель на жёстких магнитных дисках или НЖМД (англ. hard (magnetic) disk drive, HDD, HMDD), жёсткий диск, в компьютерном сленге «винчестер» — запоминающее устройство (устройство хранения информации) произвольного доступа, основанное на принципе магнитной записи. Является основным накопителем данных в большинстве компьютеров.

Диски подключаются через специальный интерфейсный, который является совокупностью линий связи, сигналов, посылаемых по этим линиям, технических средств, поддерживающих эти линии (контроллеры интерфейсов), и правил (протокола) обмена. Современные серийно выпускаемые внутренние жёсткие диски могут использовать интерфейсы ATA (он же IDE и PATA), SATA, eSATA, SCSI, SAS, FireWire, SDIO и Fibre Channel.

Распиновки для * / Adaptec / Apple / obsolete computers / Sun / Tandy or follow to 25 MODERN hardware pinouts.

3.5 inch micro Floppy Disk Drive connector (26 pin) micro conector (26x1)
ATA (44) internal This connector is mostly used for 2.5 IDE HDD of notebooks and so on. Pins 1-40 are the same as the IDE/ATA 40 pin connector, but the spacing between pins is smaller and they are therefore electronically, but not physically compatible.
ATA (50) internal This connector is mostly used for 2.5 IDE HDD of laptops and some other device. Equal to ATA (44) connector, except 50 pin connector used.
ATA (50) internal pinout a 50 pin cable will fit most 2.5" IDE drives and bring the extra (master/slave etc) drive pins back to the system board. The connector has the same 2mm pitch as a 40 or 44 pin cable. The only place I have seen this cable is in a Fostex DF-4 Portable 4 track recorder, but it may exist in other places. It is nearly documented at http://paulski.com/zpages.php?id=1717 but he missed the two missing pins at positions 5 and 6. It seems there are a few ways 2.5" IDE drives are wired.. They will all be a subset of.. 40 pins for data 4 pins for power and optionally 6 pins 1 blank row (2 pins), and 4 pins for master/slave.
ATA 50 to 40 pin (notebook CD-ROM) This adapter will enable you to connect a 50 pin CD-ROM data cable to 40 pin ATA bus.
ESDI ESDI=Enhanced Small Device Interface. Developed by Maxtor in the early 1980?s as an upgrade and improvement to the ST506 design.
ESDI cable The ESDI interface requires two cables, one for control and one for data. The control cable is shared between the two drives.
Extensa 600/600 CD external FDD Extensa 600/600 CD external FDD in comparsion with two standart ones
Floppy cable
Floppy Diskdrive
IDE cable
IDE Internal (old) IDE=Integrated Drive Electronics.Developed by Compaq and Western Digital. Newer version of IDE goes under the name ATA=AT bus Attachment.
SCSI All pinouts and some information SCSI stands for Small Computer Systems Interface. It?s a standard for connecting peripherals to your computer via a standard hardware interface, which uses standard SCSI commands
SCSI cable (D-Sub to Hi D-Sub) Ultra SCSI Single-ended
SCSI Centronics 50 pin (Differential) use RJ-21 (or RJ21) registered jack standard connector, also known as a 50-pin telco connector, or an Amphenol connector.
SCSI Centronics 50 pin (Single-ended) use RJ-21 (or RJ21) registered jack standard connector, also known as a 50-pin telco connector, or an Amphenol connector.
SCSI External D-Sub (PC/Amiga/Apple Macintosh)
SCSI External IBM Burndy Special invention by IBM for use on IBM RS/6000 and IBM PS/2
SCSI Internal SCSI=Small Computer System Interface. Based on an original design by Shugart Associates. SCSI was ratified in 1986.
SCSI Internal (Differential)
SCSI-2 External Hi D-Sub (Differential)
SCSI-3 External Hi D-Sub SCA=Single connector Attachment
SCSI-3 External Hi D-Sub (Differential)
SCSI-3 External Hi D-Sub (Differential) SCA=Single connector Attachment
SCSI-3 Low Voltage Differential/Single Ended (LVD/SE) external connector
SCSI-II external, Ultra SCSI (Single-ended)
Slimline CD-ROM connector Used in some Compaq PC
Sord M5 cassette connector
ST506/412 Developed by Seagate. Also known as MFM or RLL since these are the encoding methods used to store data. Seagate originally developed it to support their ST506 (5 MB) and ST412 (10 MB) drives.
ST506/412 cable
Внешний SCSI D-Sub (Future Domain) Seems to be available on some Future Domain SCSI-controllers only.

Распиновки для Adaptec

Adaptec RAIDport

Распиновки для Apple

Apple Macintosh External Drive This connector is present on the Macintosh 128K, 512K,512K enhanced, Plus, SE, SE/30, Classic, Classic II/Performa 200, portable, IIcx, IIci, IIsi, and IIvi/IIvx/Performa 600.
Apple Macintosh External Floppy disk drive This connector is present on the Macintosh Duo MiniDock and PowerBook Duo Floppy adapter. An HDI-20 1.4 MB drive can be connected to this port.
Apple PowerBook SCSI these connectors are found on the SCSI Disk adapter cable
SCSI cable (Amiga/Mac)